W stronę Hegla, czyli utopia rozumu historycznego
Abstract
Towards Hegel or the Utopia of Historical Reason
The essay attempts to discuss the main interpretations of the Hegelian philosophy of history from the viewpoint of its utopian potential. Although it can be revealed in a conceptual, lexicological manner, it can be regarded by means of a semantic deconstruction of the sophisticated conceptual framework which constitutes the Hegelian “system of knowledge”, too. The clarification and explanation of the basic terms of Hegelian historiosophy (history, spirit, the State, freedom) allows to determine the basic threads of Hegel’s thought, which are the subject matter of intellectual disputes between the Hegelian Right and Left. It also allows – at least partially – to separate these elements of the concept of history of the author of The Phenomenology of Spirit secondarily, which when combined together seem to be comprehensible, unlike categories that are both ambiguous in terms of interpretation and fuzzy as well as ideologically marked. The analysis ends with the problem of perceiving the Hegelian philosophy of history as utopian despite the fact that it is based on the ideas that create historical determinism (rationalism, schematism and historical finitism), which seemingly overshadow the sphere of individual human freedom, excluding the sense of any pro futuro forms of activities that are focused on a social and historical change. Any a priori solution leads to the problem of the relationship between theory and practice, which additionally begets the problem of author’s responsibility for both predicted (foreseeable) and unexpected social effects that the theory may generate.
Keywords: utopia, progress, teleology, historiosophy, philosophy, philosophy of history, determinism, Hegelianism, Marxism.
The essay attempts to discuss the main interpretations of the Hegelian philosophy of history from the viewpoint of its utopian potential. Although it can be revealed in a conceptual, lexicological manner, it can be regarded by means of a semantic deconstruction of the sophisticated conceptual framework which constitutes the Hegelian “system of knowledge”, too. The clarification and explanation of the basic terms of Hegelian historiosophy (history, spirit, the State, freedom) allows to determine the basic threads of Hegel’s thought, which are the subject matter of intellectual disputes between the Hegelian Right and Left. It also allows – at least partially – to separate these elements of the concept of history of the author of The Phenomenology of Spirit secondarily, which when combined together seem to be comprehensible, unlike categories that are both ambiguous in terms of interpretation and fuzzy as well as ideologically marked. The analysis ends with the problem of perceiving the Hegelian philosophy of history as utopian despite the fact that it is based on the ideas that create historical determinism (rationalism, schematism and historical finitism), which seemingly overshadow the sphere of individual human freedom, excluding the sense of any pro futuro forms of activities that are focused on a social and historical change. Any a priori solution leads to the problem of the relationship between theory and practice, which additionally begets the problem of author’s responsibility for both predicted (foreseeable) and unexpected social effects that the theory may generate.
Keywords: utopia, progress, teleology, historiosophy, philosophy, philosophy of history, determinism, Hegelianism, Marxism.
Pełny tekst:
PDFAdministracja Cytowania | Strony czasopism